Routing Fundamentals - Lab Exercise

Routing Fundamentals - Lab Exercise


Di lab ini, anda akan mengkonfigurasi dan memverifikasi connected, local, static, summary dan default routes. Dan anda juga akan memeriksa efek longest prefix match routing. Semua router dan switch tidak terkonfigurasi. PC sudah terkonfigurasi dengan setting network-nya.


Lab Topology


Connected and Local Routes


1) Say no when asked if you would like to enter the initial configuration dialog on each router.


2) Configure hostnames on the routers according to the Lab Topology diagram.

Router(config)#hostname R1

R1(config)#


Router(config)#hostname R2

R2(config)#


Router(config)#hostname R3

R3(config)#


Router(config)#hostname R4

R4(config)#


Router(config)#hostname R5

R5(config)#


3) Configure IP addresses on R1 according to the Lab Topology diagram

R1(config)#int f0/1

R1(config-if)#ip address 10.0.1.1 255.255.255.0

R1(config-if)#no shutdown

R1(config-if)#int f0/0

R1(config-if)#ip address 10.0.0.1 255.255.255.0

R1(config-if)#no shutdown

R1(config-if)#int f1/1

R1(config-if)#ip address 10.0.3.1 255.255.255.0

R1(config-if)#no shutdown

R1(config-if)#int f1/0

R1(config-if)#ip address 10.0.2.1 255.255.255.0

R1(config-if)#no shutdown


4) Verify routes have been automatically added for the connected and local networks (note that local routes only appear from IOS 15)

R1#show ip route

Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP

       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area

       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2

       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP

       i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area

       * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR

       P - periodic downloaded static route


Gateway of last resort is not set


     10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 4 subnets, 2 masks

C       10.0.1.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1

L       10.0.1.1/32 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1

C       10.0.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0

L       10.0.2.1/32 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0


5) Do you see routes for all networks that R1 is directly connected to? Why or why not?

You cannot see routes for the links connected to R2 and R5 (10.0.0.0/24 and 10.0.3.0/24). The interfaces on R2 and R5 are shutdown by default so the links are down. Both sides of the link must be up for it to be live. A router will not insert routes in its routing table which use links which are down.

You can see routes for the links which area connected to the switches SW1 and SW2 (10.0.1.0/24 and 10.0.2.0/24). Switch ports are not shutdown by default so those links are up.


6) Should you be able to ping from PC1 to PC2? Verify this.

(Click on PC1 then ‘Desktop’ and ‘Command Prompt’ to access its command line interface.)

 

7) Verify the traffic path from PC1 to PC2. Use the ‘tracert’ command.


8) Should you be able to ping from PC1 to PC3? Verify this.

Ping from PC1 to PC3 should fail because R1 does not have a route to 10.1.2.0 network.


Static Routes


9) Configure IP addresses on R2, R3 and R4 according to the Lab Topology diagram. Do not configure the Internet FastEthernet 1/1 interface on R4. Do not configure R5.

R2(config)#int f0/0

R2(config-if)#ip add 10.0.0.2 255.255.255.0

R2(config-if)#no shut

R2(config-if)#int f0/1

R2(config-if)#ip add 10.1.0.2 255.255.255.0

R2(config-if)#no shut


R3(config)#int f0/1

R3(config-if)#ip add 10.1.0.1 255.255.255.0

R3(config-if)#no shut

R3(config-if)#int f0/0

R3(config-if)#ip add 10.1.1.2 255.255.255.0

R3(config-if)#no shut


R4(config)#int f0/0

R4(config-if)#ip add 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0

R4(config-if)#no shut

R4(config-if)#int f0/1

R4(config-if)#ip add 10.1.2.1 255.255.255.0

R4(config-if)#no shut

R4(config-if)#int f1/0

R4(config-if)#ip add 10.1.3.1 255.255.255.0

R4(config-if)#no shut


10) Verify PC3 can ping its default gateway at 10.1.2.1


11) Configure static routes on R1, R2, R3 and R4 to allow connectivity between all their subnets. Use /24 prefixes for each network.

R1(config)#ip route 10.1.0.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.0.2

R1(config)#ip route 10.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.0.2

R1(config)#ip route 10.1.2.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.0.2

R1(config)#ip route 10.1.3.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.3.2


R2(config)#ip route 10.0.1.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.0.1

R2(config)#ip route 10.0.2.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.0.1

R2(config)#ip route 10.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 10.1.0.1

R2(config)#ip route 10.1.2.0 255.255.255.0 10.1.0.1

R2(config)#ip route 10.0.3.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.0.1

R2(config)#ip route 10.1.3.0 255.255.255.0 10.1.0.1


R3(config)#ip route 10.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 10.1.0.2

R3(config)#ip route 10.0.1.0 255.255.255.0 10.1.0.2

R3(config)#ip route 10.0.2.0 255.255.255.0 10.1.0.2

R3(config)#ip route 10.1.2.0 255.255.255.0 10.1.1.1

R3(config)#ip route 10.1.3.0 255.255.255.0 10.1.1.0

R3(config)#ip route 10.0.3.0 255.255.255.0 10.1.0.2


R4(config)#ip route 10.1.0.0 255.255.255.0 10.1.1.2

R4(config)#ip route 10.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 10.1.1.2

R4(config)#ip route 10.0.1.0 255.255.255.0 10.1.1.2

R4(config)#ip route 10.0.2.0 255.255.255.0 10.1.1.2

R4(config)#ip route 10.0.3.0 255.255.255.0 10.1.3.2


12) Verify connectivity between PC1, PC2 and PC3. 


13) Verify the path traffic takes from PC1 to PC3.



Summary Routes


14) Remove all the static routes on R1

R1(config)#no ip route 10.1.0.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.0.2 

R1(config)#no ip route 10.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.0.2 

R1(config)#no ip route 10.1.2.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.0.2 

R1(config)#no ip route 10.1.3.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.3.2


15) Verify that PC1 loses connectivity to PC3


16) Restore connectivity to all subnets with a single command on R1.

R1(config)#ip route 10.1.0.0 255.255.0.0 10.0.0.2



17) Verify the routing table on R1 does not contain /24 routes to remote subnets.

R1#show ip route

Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP

       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area

       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2

       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP

       i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area

       * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR

       P - periodic downloaded static route


Gateway of last resort is not set


     10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 7 subnets, 3 masks

C       10.0.0.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0

L       10.0.0.1/32 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0

C       10.0.1.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1

L       10.0.1.1/32 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1

C       10.0.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0

L       10.0.2.1/32 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0

S       10.1.0.0/16 [1/0] via 10.0.0.2



18) Ensure that connectivity is restored between PC1 and PC3.

 



Longest Prefix Match


19) Configure IP addresses on R5 according to the Lab Topology diagram

R5(config)#int f0/0

R5(config-if)#ip add 10.1.3.2 255.255.255.0

R5(config-if)#no shut

R5(config-if)#exit

R5(config)#int f0/1

R5(config-if)#ip add 10.0.3.2 255.255.255.0

R5(config-if)#no shut


20) Do not add any additional routes. Does PC1 have reachability to the FastEthernet 0/0 interface on R5? If so, which path will the traffic take?

PC1 must be reach the F0/0 interface on R5 over R1 > R2 > R3 > R4 > R5. But R5 does not have a route back to PC1.


21) Ensure reachability over the shortest possible path from R5 to all directly connected networks on R1. Achieve this with a single command.

R5(config)#ip route 10.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 10.0.3.1


R5#traceroute 10.0.1.10

Type escape sequence to abort.

Tracing the route to 10.0.1.10


  1   10.0.3.1        0 msec    0 msec    0 msec    

  2   10.0.1.10       0 msec    0 msec    0 msec    


22) Verify the path traffic takes from PC1 to the FastEthernet 0/0 interface on R5.


23) Verify the path the return traffic takes from R5 to PC1.

R5#traceroute 10.0.1.10

Type escape sequence to abort.

Tracing the route to 10.0.1.10


1 10.0.3.1 0 msec 0 msec 0 msec 

2 10.0.1.10 0 msec 0 msec 0 msec


24) Ensure that traffic between PC1 and the FastEthernet 0/0 interface on R5 takes the most direct path in both directions.

R1(config)#ip route 10.1.3.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.3.2


S       10.1.3.0/24 [1/0] via 10.0.3.2


C:\>tracert 10.1.3.2


Tracing route to 10.1.3.2 over a maximum of 30 hops: 


  1   0 ms      0 ms      0 ms      10.0.1.1

  2   0 ms      0 ms      0 ms      10.1.3.2


Trace complete.


25) Verify that traffic between PC1 and the FastEthernet 0/0 interface on R5 takes the most direct path in both directions.

C:\>tracert 10.1.3.2

Tracing route to 10.1.3.2 over a maximum of 30 hops: 

  1   0 ms      0 ms      0 ms      10.0.1.1

  2   0 ms      0 ms      0 ms      10.1.3.2


R5>traceroute 10.0.1.10

Type escape sequence to abort.

Tracing the route to 10.0.1.10

  1   10.0.3.1        0 msec    0 msec    0 msec    

  2   10.0.1.10       0 msec    0 msec    0 msec    



Default Route and Load Balancing


26) Configure an IP address on the Internet FastEthernet 1/1 interface on R4 according to the lab topology diagram.

R4(config)#int f1/1

R4(config-if)#ip add 203.0.113.1 255.255.255.0

R4(config-if)#no shut


27) Ensure that all PCs have a route out to the internet through the Internet Service Provider connection on R4. (Note that the lab does not actually have Internet connectivity.)

R1(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.0.0.2


R2(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.1.0.1


R3(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.1.1.1


R4(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 203.0.113.2


R5(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.1.3.1


R4#show ip route

Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP

       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area

       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2

       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP

       i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area

       * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR

       P - periodic downloaded static route


Gateway of last resort is 203.0.113.2 to network 0.0.0.0


     10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 11 subnets, 2 masks

S       10.0.0.0/24 [1/0] via 10.1.1.2

S       10.0.1.0/24 [1/0] via 10.1.1.2

S       10.0.2.0/24 [1/0] via 10.1.1.2

S       10.0.3.0/24 [1/0] via 10.1.3.2

S       10.1.0.0/24 [1/0] via 10.1.1.2

C       10.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0

L       10.1.1.1/32 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0

C       10.1.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1

L       10.1.2.1/32 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1

C       10.1.3.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0

L       10.1.3.1/32 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0

     203.0.113.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks

C       203.0.113.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/1

L       203.0.113.1/32 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/1

S*   0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 203.0.113.2


28) Traffic from PC1 and PC2 going to the internet should be load balanced over R2 and R5.

R1(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 10.0.3.2


R1#show ip route


Gateway of last resort is 10.0.0.2 to network 0.0.0.0


     10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 10 subnets, 3 masks

C       10.0.0.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0

L       10.0.0.1/32 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0

C       10.0.1.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1

L       10.0.1.1/32 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1

C       10.0.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0

L       10.0.2.1/32 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0

C       10.0.3.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/1

L       10.0.3.1/32 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/1

S       10.1.0.0/16 [1/0] via 10.0.0.2

S       10.1.3.0/24 [1/0] via 10.0.3.2

S*   0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 10.0.0.2

               [1/0] via 10.0.3.2



R4(config)#ip route 10.0.2.0 255.255.255.0 10.1.3.2


R4#show ip route

Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP

       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area

       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2

       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP

       i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area

       * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR

       P - periodic downloaded static route


Gateway of last resort is 203.0.113.2 to network 0.0.0.0


     10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 11 subnets, 2 masks

S       10.0.0.0/24 [1/0] via 10.1.1.2

S       10.0.1.0/24 [1/0] via 10.1.1.2

                    [1/0] via 10.1.3.2

S       10.0.2.0/24 [1/0] via 10.1.1.2

                    [1/0] via 10.1.3.2

S       10.0.3.0/24 [1/0] via 10.1.3.2

S       10.1.0.0/24 [1/0] via 10.1.1.2

C       10.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0

L       10.1.1.1/32 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0

C       10.1.2.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1

L       10.1.2.1/32 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1

C       10.1.3.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0

L       10.1.3.1/32 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0

     203.0.113.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks

C       203.0.113.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/1

L       203.0.113.1/32 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/1

S*   0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 203.0.113.2


Source: www.flackbox.com

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